Grand Total

The average deer consumes 6-8 pounds of vegetation each day. That is equal to 1 to 1.5 tons per deer per year.

2005 2007

1. New York 5,565 4,165

2. Pennsylvania 4,287 3,994

3. New Jersey 3,363 3,134

4. Massachusetts 2,336 2,988

5. Connecticut 1,810 3,058

6. Maryland 1,235 2,576

7. Wisconsin 1,459 1,814

Montgomery Howard Baltimore Carroll Frederick Anne Arundel

2005

216

150

0

140

111

196

2007

475

358

267

252

221

196

Permethrin treated cotton balls. Use in areas that are good mouse habitat,

tall grass, dense flower beds, wood piles, woodlots

6 tubes for 1/8 acre habitat 24 tubes for ½ acre habitat 96 tubes for 2 acres habitat

10 boxes per ½ to 1 acre of habitat. Active Ingredient is Fipronil.

Browselines evident in many areas
Browse availability summary on 14 parks surveyed in Montgomery County showed moderate to heavy browse at all locations
Understory density has been reduced in many areas
Height, number and species diversity has been reduced in most parks

Deer Browse At Black Hills Regional Park

10 Deer 20 Deer 38 Deer 64 Deer

Deer Density/sq. mile

To maintain population, at least 50% of the does must succumb to various mortality factors each year.

• Japanese Maple	• Balsam Fir
• Pear	• Norway Maple
• Leyland Cypress	• Cherry
• White Pine	• Plum
• Apple	• Hemlock
• Crabapple

• Colorado Blue	• Douglas Fir
Spruce	• San Jose/American
• Heritage Birch	Holly
• Japanese	• Allegheny
Falsecypress	Serviceberry
• Japanese Cedar	• Flowering/Korean
• Scotch Pine	Dogwood
	• Honey Locust

20-30’ tall, white/pink flowers
Trouble free plant, likes acid soil
Grows in sun/partial shade

20-30’
red berries
slow growth
showy flowers
partial sun
best
reddish fall
color

20-25’
small tree
purple/black fruit
wide range of soils
sun/partial shade

50-60’
cone shaped
evergreen
trouble free
full sun best

C. Japonica

50-70’
evergreen
full sun
good for screening
well drained soil
pyramidal shape

Japanese Falsecypress

50-70’
fast grower

2’/year

legume family
will survive poor soil/site conditions
40-60’
slow growth
adaptable tree
full sun best
attractive landscape plant

40-70’
fast grower
best in moist soils
trouble free
Heritage top variety

• Cherry Dogwood	• Roses
• Euonymus	• Hydrangea
• Mountain Laurel	• Chinese Holly
• Arborvitae	• Azalea
• Rhododendron	• Yews

• Barberry	• Mahonia
• Boxwood	• Viburnum
• Pieris japonica	• Nandina
• Sarcoccoca	• Spirea
• Forsythia	• Witch Hazel
• Ribes

4-5’
flowers season long
full sun
fast growth
adaptive to many soils

6-8’
bright red berries
durable evergreen
trouble free
sun or shade

barrier plant
4-8’
full sun
medium growth rate
dense growth habit
red berries
yellow flowers
numerous purple leaf varieties

Barberry

6-8’
early yellow flowers
clove like scent
black berries
sun or shade
adaptable
medium growth rate

6-12’
slow grower

6”/year

well drained acid soil
full sun/partial shade

3-30’ tall
Avoid wet soils
“Doublefile” 8-10’ tall
white flowers
Beautiful landscape plant

15-25’
native shrub
yellow flowers
sun/partial shade
trouble free
moist soils
8-10’
Upright growth habit
yellow flowers
fast grower • full sun best • adaptable to most soils

3-6’
slow grower
yellow flowers
blue/black berries
partial shade
well drained acidic soils

Grape Holly

• English Ivy	• Geranium
• Sunflower	• Buttercup
• Hosta	• Vinca
• Daylily	• Pansy
	• Viola

_Yarrow• Foxglove
• Aster

Ageratum
• Begonia

Anemone
• Chrysanthemum

Snapdragon
• Iris

Marigold

Fact Sheet 655: Resistance of Ornamentals to Deer Damage

12 blocks, 6 plants each, 5 repellent treated yews & 1 control yew in each block
Rock Creek Watershed-Ag History, Hoover Farm, Home Site-24 plants at each site
Jan. 11 thru April 11, 13 weeks
No treatment or control plants suffered an average decrease in plant area of 68%
Treated plants suffered an average decrease of plant area of 19%
Control Plants-68% loss
Deer Away Treated-10% loss
Tree Guard Treated-15% loss
Deer 1 Treated-21% loss
Plantskydd Treated-26% loss
Plant Growth Stimulant Treated-26% loss
Control Plants-53% loss
Tree Guard-34% loss
Repellex-30% loss
Liquid Fence-36% loss
Deer Away-25% loss
Bobbex-27% loss

Control Plants—27% loss
Tree Guard—2 % loss
Deer Away---1% loss
Bobbex---7 % loss
Liquid Fence---4 % loss
Repellex---2% loss

4 Treatments, 2 sites, 5 blocks each site
5 Treatments, 1 site, 5 blocks
Comparing hanging sachet type repellent treatment to spray on repellent to no treatment.

2006 Deer Repellent Trial-63% Browse

Bittrex Systemic Tablets

Don’t eliminate browse, reduce it
Work by taste, smell or combination
Repellents wash off, need multiple applications
Repellents alter behavior, important to apply before feeding patterns established
May not work if other food sources are scarce
Warmer and drier winters will likely increase the effectiveness
Don’t directly reduce rubbing damage, may

deter deer from area

Repellents that work in one area may not work in a different area
When selecting consider cost, effectiveness & longevity and compare to fencing

Fact Sheet 810—Using Commercial Deer Repellents To Manage Deer Browsing In The Landscape
EB 354—Managing Deer Damage in Maryland-$3.50

• http://www.agnr.umd.edu/MCE/Publicati ons

Electric Trainers Teach Deer to Shun Your Garden

Like an electric fence, this innovative device protects your garden from deer damage, but without the expense or the hassle of installation. It produces effective but harmless microshocks, with no danger of continuous shocking. One set humanely protects 1,200 square feet of valuable plantings. Lure attracts deer to post, which gives them a mild shock. Scent lures work short-range, won't attract deer to your property. Set includes three electronic repeller posts. Made by Havahart, the leading designer of humane animal controls.